Q1.
In the following cases, a ray is incident on a concave mirror. In which case is the angle of incidence equal to zero?
(a) A ray parallel to the principal axis.
(b) A ray passing through the centre of curvature and incident obliquely.
(c) A ray passing through the principal focus and incident obliquely.
(d) A ray incident obliquely to the principal axis, at the pole of the mirror.
CBSE sample paper 2025
Q2.
The image formed by a concave mirror of focal length 50 cm is real and of magnification -1. In this case the distance between the object from its own image is
(a) 50 cm (b) 100 cm
(c) 200 cm (d) zero
CBSE 2024 COMPT(31/S/1)
Q3.
Mirror ‘X’ is used to concentrate sunlight in solar furnace and Mirror ‘Y’ is fitted on the side of the vehicle to see the traffic behind the driver. Which of the following statements are true for the two mirrors ?
(i) The image formed by mirror ‘X’ is real, diminished and at its focus.
(ii) The image formed by mirror ‘Y’ is virtual, diminished and erect.
(iii) The image formed by mirror ‘X’ is virtual, diminished and erect.
(iv) The image formed by mirror ‘Y’ is real, diminished and at its focus.
(A) (i) and (ii) (B) (ii) and (iii)
(C) (iii) and (iv) (D) (i) and (iv)
CBSE 2025(code 31/1/1)
Q4.
If the absolute refractive indices of two media X and Y are \(\frac{6}{5}\) and \(\frac{4}{3}\) respectively, then the refractive index of Y with respect to X will be :
(A) \(\frac{10}{9}\) (B) \(\frac{9}{10}\)
(C) \(\frac{9}{8}\) (D) \(\frac{8}{9}\)
CBSE 2025
Q5.
An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the pole of a concave mirror. If its real and inverted image is formed at 60 cm in front of the mirror, the focal length of the mirror is :
(A) – 15 cm (B) – 20 cm
(C) + 20 cm (D) + 15 cm
CBSE 2025
Q6.
Find the magnification of the image formed by a spherical mirror from the following data :
u = – 20 cm, f = – 15 cm.
CBSE 2023(31/C/1)
Q7.
Absolute refractive indices of water and glass are \(\frac{4}{3}\) and \(\frac{3}{2}\) respectively.
(i) In which one of the two media is the speed of light more ?
(ii) If a ray of light enters obliquely from glass to water, will it bend towards the normal or away from the normal ?
CBSE 2023(31/C/2)
Q8.
An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.
(i) Use lens formula to determine the distance of the image from the lens.
(ii) List four characteristics of this image (nature, position, size, erect/inverted) in this case.
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to justify your answer of part (ii)
CBSE 2019
Q9.
The below figure shows the formation of an image by a lens shown by a thick line.
Analyse the figure and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the type of lens used?
(ii) What is the nature of the image?
(iii) If the image is formed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens and the image is twice the size of the object, then where is the object placed?
CBSE sample paper 2025
Q10.
An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm. Use lens formula to find the position of the image formed in this case.
CBSE 2025(32/2/3)
Q11.
‘‘The value of magnification ‘m’ for a lens is – 2.’’ Using new Cartesian Sign Convention and considering that an object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from the optical centre of this lens, state :
(i) the nature of the image formed;
(ii) size of the image compared to the size of the object;
(iii) position of the image, and
(iv) sign of the height of the image.
CBSE 2025(code 31/1/1)
Q12.
The numerical values of the focal lengths of two lenses A and B are 10 cm and 20 cm respectively. Which one of the two will show higher degree of convergence/ divergence ? Give reason to justify your answer.
CBSE 2025(code 31/1/1)
Q13.
Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of a ray of light through a rectangular glass slab when it falls obliquely from air into glass.
CBSE 2025(code 31/1/1)
Q14.
Differentiate between the virtual images formed by a convex lens and a concave lens on the basis of :
(i) object distance, and
(ii) Magnification
CBSE 2025(code 31/1/1)
Q15.
If we wish to obtain a virtual and magnified image of an object by using a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm, where should the object be placed? Use mirror formula to determine the object distance for an Image of magnification +2 produced by this mirror to justify your answer.
CBSE 2025 (code 31/4/3)
Q16.
(a) The image of an object formed by a lens is of same size but inverted. If the object distance is 30 cm, calculate
(ii) The distance between the object and its image
(ii) Focal length of the lens
(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formed in above case
CBSE 2024 (code 31/1/3)
Q17.
(a) Complete the following ray diagram to show the formation of image:
(b) Mention the nature, position and size of the image formed in this case.
(c) State the sign of the image distance in this case using the Cartesian sign convention.
CBSE 2023(31/1/1)
Q18. (Case Study)
In our laboratories, we use compound microscopes to see the magnified image of a microscopic object. A compound microscope is made up of two lenses. The lens nearest to the object to be viewed, called objective lens, forms real, inverted and magnified image of the object. This image serves as an object for the second lens called eyepiece. The eyepiece forms virtual, erect and magnified image of the object. Thus, the resultant image formed by a microscope is virtual, inverted and magnified with respect to the microscopic object viewed.
(a) The image of an object formed by a convex lens of focal length 2 cm is real, inverted and magnified. What is the range of object distance in this case?
(b) The image of an object formed by a convex lens of focal length 6 cm is virtual, erect and magnified. What is the range of object distance in this case?
(c) An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm from the optical centre of a convex lens of focal length 18 cm. Draw a labelled diagram to show the formation of image in this case.
(d) The image formed by a convex lens is real, inverted and of the same size as the object. If the distance between the object and the image is 60 cm, determine the focal length of the lens. Give justification for your answer.
CBSE 2024 COMPT(31/S/1)
Q19. (Case Study)
Hold a concave mirror in your hand and direct its reflecting surface towards the sun. Direct the light reflected by the mirror on to a white card-board held close to the mirror. Move the card-board cack and forth gradually until you find a brigh, sharp spot of light on the board. This spot of light is the image of the sun on the sheet of paper; which is also termed as “Principal Focus” of the concave mirror.
(i) List two application of concave mirror.
(ii) If the distance between the mirror and the principal focus is 15 cm, find the radius of curvature of the mirror.
(c) Draw a ray diagram to show the type of image formed when an object is placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.
(d) An object 10 cm in size is placed at 10 cm in front of a concave mirror. If its image is formed at the same point where the object is located, find:
(i) focal length of the mirror, and
(ii) magnification of the image formed with sign as per Cartesian sign convention.
CBSE 2023(31/1/1)
Q20.
Study the data given below showing the focal length of three concave mirrors A, B and C and the respective distances of objects placed in front of the mirrors:
(a) In which one of the above cases the mirror will form a diminished image of the object? Justify your answer.
(b) List two properties of the image formed in case 2.
(c) What is the nature and size of the image formed by mirror C? Draw ray diagram to justify your answer.
(d) An object is placed at a distance of 18 cm from the pole of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. Find the position of the image formed in this case.
CBSE 2024(31/1/1)
